Year 2024 / Volume 116 / Number 10
Original
Complications and survival following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement

526-531

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2024.10335/2024

Diego Casas Deza, Rosario María Monzón Baez, Luis Javier Lamuela Calvo, Elena Betoré Glaria, Enrique Montil Miguel, Belén Julián Gomara, Raquel Vicente Lidón,

Abstract
Introduction: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is considered as a safe and effective method for nutritional support in patients with malnutrition and swallowing impairment with an estimated survival of over two months. Some indications, such as advanced cognitive decline, contraindicate the technique. Materials and methods: all patients who underwent PEG placement between January 2001 and May 2019 were included. Clinical data, indication, complications, and mortality were retrospectively analyzed. Results: a total of 648 patients (46.5 % male, mean age 70 ± 18.5 years) were included. The most common indications for PEG were advanced cognitive decline (31.5 %) and cerebrovascular disease (18.8 %). The mean follow-up was 12.07 months (IQR 3.27-34.73); 39.5 % of patients experienced complications (systemic 17.9 %, local 28.5 %). The most frequent were bronchoaspiration (9.7 %) and rupture/dysfunction (13.9 %), respectively. The presence of early complications (HR 1.63 [1.20-2.21]) and age (HR 1.02 [1.01-1.02]) was associated with shorter survival time, while female sex was a protective factor (HR 0.78 [0.66-0.94]). Conclusions: PEG is not without complications, with 39.5 % of patients experiencing them. Patients with early complications, male sex and older age have lower survival following PEG placement.
Lay Summary
The placement of a gastrostomy tube is an effective intervention to ensure nutrition in patients with dysphagia. However, its indication in cases of dementia is controversial, given the absence of patient improvement. In our study, we reviewed 648 patients who underwent gastrostomy tube placement, evaluating its indication, complications, and mortality. Despite the controversy, the most frequent indication was cognitive impairment. The complication rate reached nearly 40% of cases. Patients with early complications, older age, and male sex have lower survival rates after gastrostomy tube placement.
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Casas Deza D, Monzón Baez R, Lamuela Calvo L, Betoré Glaria E, Montil Miguel E, Julián Gomara B, et all. Complications and survival following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement. 10335/2024


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Publication history

Received: 08/02/2024

Accepted: 22/04/2024

Online First: 20/05/2024

Published: 09/10/2024

Article revision time: 60 days

Article Online First time: 102 days

Article editing time: 244 days


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