References
1. Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, et al. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1731–1740.
2. Sanghera P, Wong DWY, McConkey CC, Geh JI, Hartley A. Chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: an updated analysis of factors affecting pathological response. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2008;20:176–183.
3. Maas M, Nelemans PJ, Valentini V, et al. Long-term outcome in patients with a pathological complete response after chemoradiation for rectal cancer: a pooled analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11:835–844.
4. Kim HJ1, Song JH, Ahn HS. Wait and see approach for rectal cancer with a clinically complete response after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2017;32:723-727.
5. Habr-Gama A, São Julião GP, Fernandez LM, et al. Achieving a Complete Clinical Response After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation That Does Not Require Surgical Resection: It May Take Longer Than You Think! Dis Colon Rectum. 2019;62:802-808.
6. Cienfuegos JA, Baixauli J, Pastor C, et al. Long-term oncologic results in cancer of the rectum treated by preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery: An analysis of 500 cases. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2015;107:340-6.
7. Mezzi G, Arcidiacono PG, Carrara S, et al. Endoscopic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for re-staging rectal cancer after radiotherapy. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15:5563–5567.
8. Suppiah A, Hunter IA, Cowley J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging accuracy in assessing tumour down-staging following chemoradiation in rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis.2009;11:249–253.
9. Habr-Gama A, Perez RO, Wynn G, Marks J, Kessler H, Gama-Rodrigues J. Complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for distal rectal cancer: characterization of clinical and endoscopic findings for standardization. Diseases of the colon and rectum. 2010;53:1692–1698.
10. Colon and rectum. in: S.B. Edge, S.R. Byrd, C.C. Compton et al, (Eds.) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. Springer-Verlag, New York; 2010:143–164.
11. Mandard AM, Dalibard F, Mandard JC, et al. Pathologic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma: clinicopathologic correlations. Cancer. 1994;73:2680–6.
12. Herbertson RA, Scarsbrook AF, Lee ST, Tebbutt N, Scott AM. Established, emerging and future roles of PET/CT in the management of colorectal cancer. Clin Radiol. 2009;64:225-37.
13. Li YL, Wu LM, Chen XX, et al. Is diffusion-weighted MRI superior to FDG-PET or FDG-PET/CT in evaluating and predicting pathological response to preoperative neoadjuvant therapy in patients with rectal cancer? J Dig Dis. 2014;15:525-37.
14. Leccisotti L, Gambacorta MA, de Waure C, et al. The predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for assessing pathological response and survival in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2015;42:657–666.
15. Perez RO, Habr-Gama A, Gama-Rodrigues J, et al. Accuracy of positron emission tomography/computed tomography and clinical assessment in the detection of complete rectal tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation: Long-term results of a prospective trial (National Clinical Trial 00254683). Cancer. 2011;118:3501-11.
16. Lovinfosse P, Polus M, Van Daele D. FDG PET/CT radiomics for predicting the outcome of locally advanced rectal cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45:365-375.
17. Giannini V, Mazzetti S, Bertotto I, et al. Predicting locally advanced rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy with 18F-FDG PET and MRI radiomics features. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019;46:878-888.
18. Melton GB, Lavely WC, Jacene HA, et al. Efficacy of preoperative combined 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography for assessing primary rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:961–9–discussion969.
19. Avallone A, Aloj L, Pecori B, et al. 18F-FDG PET/CT Is an Early Predictor of Pathologic Tumor Response and Survival After Preoperative Radiochemotherapy with Bevacizumab in High-Risk Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. J Nucl Med. 2019;60:1560-1568.
20. Leibold T, Akhurst TJ, Chessin DB, et al. Evaluation of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET for early detection of suboptimal response of rectal cancer to preoperative chemoradiotherapy: a prospective analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18:2783–2789.
21. Rufini V, Collarino A, Calcagni ML, et al. The role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in predicting the histopathological response in locally advanced cervical carcinoma treated by chemo-radiotherapy followed by radical surgery: a prospective study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019 Aug 14.
22. Niccoli Asabella A, Simone M, Ballini A, et al. Predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT on survival in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Dec;22:8227-8236.
23. Lambrecht M, Deroose C, Roels S, et al. The use of FDG-PET/CT and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for response prediction before, during and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. Acta Oncol. 2010;49:956–963.
24. Deantonio L, Caroli A, Puta E, et al. Does baseline [18F] FDG-PET/CT correlate with tumor staging, response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and prognosis in patients with rectal cancer? Radiat Oncol. 2018;13:211.
25. Perez RO, Habr-Gama A, São Julião GP, et al. Predicting complete response to neoadjuvant CRT for distal rectal cancer using sequential PET/CT imaging. Tech Coloproctol. 2014;18:699–708.
26. Probst CP, Becerra AZ, Aquina CT, et al. Extended Intervals after Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: The Key to Improved Tumor Response and Potential Organ Preservation. J Am Coll Surg. 2015;221:430–440.
27. Petrillo A, Fusco R, Petrillo M, et al. Standardized Index of Shape (SIS): a quantitative DCE-MRI parameter to discriminate responders by non-responders after neoadjuvant therapy in LARC. Eur Radiol. 2015;25:1935–1945.
28. Birlik B, Obuz F, Elibol FD, et al. Diffusion-weighted MRI and MR- volumetry--in the evaluation of tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging. 2015;33:201–212.
29. Schurink NW, Min LA, Berbee M, van Elmpt W, et al. Value of combined multiparametric MRI and FDG-PET/CT to identify well-responding rectal cancer patients before the start of neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Eur Radiol. 2020 Feb 7.