Year 2021 / Volume 113 / Number 7
Review
Physical frailty in liver transplantation

533-540

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7448/2020

Lorena Puchades Renau, Julia Herreras López, Maria Àngels Cebrià i Iranzo, Natalia Cezón Serrano, Marina Berenguer Haym,

Abstract
In patients with cirrhosis, frailty represents a status of global physical dysfunction associated with a multiplicity of factors, including muscle wasting, undernutrition and malnutrition, and functional impairment. This condition is particularly prevalent among those with advanced cirrhosis, such as liver transplant (LT) candidates. Studies in this vulnerable population have demonstrated that its presence is independently predictive of adverse outcomes both pre- and post-transplantation, and thus that its incorporation into clinical practice could result in improved clinical decision-making, particularly regarding the identification of candidates for physical and nutritional interventions. There are, however, some limitations to its immediate incorporation into organ allocation prioritization models, including the wide heterogeneity of instruments used for measuring frailty, and particularly the lack of a single one suitable in all LT clinical scenarios (inpatient vs outpatient; pre- vs post-transplant). Finally, the data on the potential effects of frailty improvement on the diverse range of outcome measures are still preliminary.
Share Button
New comment
Comments

17/04/2023 23:59:28
RECOVERY OF LOST FUNDS FROM SCAMMER.

Tracking Down Lost Bitcoins and Other Cryptos: Fast without wasting time Contact: Telegram: https://t.me/WizardWebRecovery / Email: wizardwebrecovery@gmail.com, Do you need support of recovery of your lost or stolen bitcoin, trying to obtain cryptocurrency transferred to the wrong wallet address, or believe your wallet has been compromised, get in touch with Wizard Web Recovery Group Hackers . I lost over 412,040 $ after participating in a SINCODE binary scam. The money I fraudulently lost has been recovered thanks to the super work of Wizard Web Recovery Group Hackers . They Working with the new digital software that recovers funds without a twinkle of eyes beep Wizard Web Recovery Group Hackers is trustworthy you can always contact them via
Telegram: https://t.me/WizardWebRecovery
Email: wizardwebrecovery@gmail.com


References
1- Kamath PS, Wiesner RH, Malinchoc M, et al. A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology. 2001;33(2):464-470.
2- Freeman RB, Wiesner RH, Edwards E, et al. Results of the first year of the new liver allocation plan. Liver Transpl. 2004;10(1):7-15.
3- http://www.ont.es/infesp/Memorias/Actividad%20de%20Donaci%C3%B3n%20y%20Trasplante%20Hep%C3%A1tico%20e%20Intestinal%202019.pdf
4- Lai JC, Sonnenday CJ, Tapper EB, et al. Frailty in liver transplantation: An expert opinion statement from the American Society of Transplantation Liver and Intestinal Community of Practice. Am J Transplant. 2019;19(7):1896-1906.
5- Lai JC, Feng S, Terrault NA, Lizaola B, Hayssen H, Covinsky K. Frailty predicts waitlist mortality in liver transplant candidates. Am J Transplant. 2014;14(8):1870-1879.
6- Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(3):M146-M156.
7- Carey EJ, Lai JC, Sonnenday C, et al. A North American Expert Opinion Statement on Sarcopenia in Liver Transplantation. Hepatology. 2019;70(5):1816-1829.
8- Lai JC. Editorial: Advancing Adoption of Frailty to Improve the Care of Patients with Cirrhosis: Time for a Consensus on a Frailty Index. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(12):1776-1777.
9- Lai JC, Covinsky KE, McCulloch CE, Feng S. The Liver Frailty Index Improves Mortality Prediction of the Subjective Clinician Assessment in Patients With Cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113(2):235-242.
10- Lai JC, Covinsky KE, Hayssen H, et al. Clinician assessments of health status predict mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation. Liver Int. 2015;35(9):2167-2173.
11- Carey EJ, Lai JC, Wang CW, et al. A multicenter study to define sarcopenia in patients with end-stage liver disease. Liver Transpl. 2017;23(5):625-633.
12- Golse N, Bucur PO, Ciacio O, et al. A new definition of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2017;23(2):143-154.
13- Ebadi M, Wang CW, Lai JC, et al. Poor performance of psoas muscle index for identification of patients with higher waitlist mortality risk in cirrhosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2018;9(6):1053-1062.
14- Tandon P, Mourtzakis M, Low G, et al. Comparing the Variability Between Measurements for Sarcopenia Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Imaging. Am J Transplant. 2016;16(9):2766-2767.
15- Lai JC, Volk ML, Strasburg D, Alexander N. Performance-Based Measures Associate With Frailty in Patients With End-Stage Liver Disease. Transplantation. 2016;100(12):2656-2660.
16- Lai JC, Covinsky KE, Dodge JL, et al. Development of a novel frailty index to predict mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology. 2017;66(2):564-574.
17- Kardashian A, Ge J, McCulloch CE, et al. Identifying an Optimal Liver Frailty Index Cutoff to Predict Waitlist Mortality in Liver Transplant Candidates [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jun 3]. Hepatology. 2020;10.1002/hep.31406.
18- Norman K, Kirchner H, Lochs H, Pirlich M. Malnutrition affects quality of life in gastroenterology patients. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(21):3380-3385.
19- Derck JE, Thelen AE, Cron DC, et al. Quality of life in liver transplant candidates: frailty is a better indicator than severity of liver disease. Transplantation. 2015;99(2):340-344.
20- Cron DC, Friedman JF, Winder GS, et al. Depression and Frailty in Patients With End-Stage Liver Disease Referred for Transplant Evaluation. Am J Transplant. 2016;16(6):1805-1811.
21- Dunn MA, Josbeno DA, Tevar AD, et al. Frailty as Tested by Gait Speed is an Independent Risk Factor for Cirrhosis Complications that Require Hospitalization. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(12):1768-1775.
22- Tandon P, Tangri N, Thomas L, et al. A Rapid Bedside Screen to Predict Unplanned Hospitalization and Death in Outpatients With Cirrhosis: A Prospective Evaluation of the Clinical Frailty Scale. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111(12):1759-1767.
23- Tapper EB, Finkelstein D, Mittleman MA, Piatkowski G, Lai M. Standard assessments of frailty are validated predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2015;62(2):584-590.
24- Sinclair M, Poltavskiy E, Dodge JL, Lai JC. Frailty is independently associated with increased hospitalisation days in patients on the liver transplant waitlist. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23(5):899-905.
25- Alvares-da-Silva MR, Reverbel da Silveira T. Comparison between handgrip strength, subjective global assessment, and prognostic nutritional index in assessing malnutrition and predicting clinical outcome in cirrhotic outpatients. Nutrition. 2005;21(2):113-117.
26- Bhanji RA, Moctezuma-Velazquez C, Duarte-Rojo A, et al. Myosteatosis and sarcopenia are associated with hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatol Int. 2018;12(4):377-386.
27- Montano-Loza AJ, Meza-Junco J, Baracos VE, et al. Severe muscle depletion predicts postoperative length of stay but is not associated with survival after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2014;20(6):640-648.
28- Carey EJ, Steidley DE, Aqel BA, et al. Six-minute walk distance predicts mortality in liver transplant candidates. Liver Transpl. 2010;16(12):1373-1378.
29- Montano-Loza AJ, Duarte-Rojo A, Meza-Junco J, et al. Inclusion of Sarcopenia Within MELD (MELD-Sarcopenia) and the Prediction of Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2015;6(7):e102. Published 2015 Jul 16.
30- Wang CW, Covinsky KE, Feng S, Hayssen H, Segev DL, Lai JC. Functional impairment in older liver transplantation candidates: From the functional assessment in liver transplantation study. Liver Transpl. 2015;21(12):1465-1470.
31- Ney M, Haykowsky MJ, Vandermeer B, Shah A, Ow M, Tandon P. Systematic review: pre- and post-operative prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in liver transplant candidates. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016;44(8):796-806.
32- Durand F, Buyse S, Francoz C, et al. Prognostic value of muscle atrophy in cirrhosis using psoas muscle thickness on computed tomography. J Hepatol. 2014;60(6):1151-1157.
33- Guaraldi G, Dolci G, Zona S, et al. A frailty index predicts post-liver transplant morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive patients. AIDS Res Ther. 2017;14(1):37. Published 2017 Aug 5.
34- Lee CS, Cron DC, Terjimanian MN, et al. Dorsal muscle group area and surgical outcomes in liver transplantation. Clin Transplant. 2014;28(10):1092-1098.
35- Valero V 3rd, Amini N, Spolverato G, et al. Sarcopenia adversely impacts postoperative complications following resection or transplantation in patients with primary liver tumors. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19(2):272-281.
36- Krell RW, Kaul DR, Martin AR, et al. Association between sarcopenia and the risk of serious infection among adults undergoing liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2013;19(12):1396-1402.
37- DiMartini A, Cruz RJ Jr, Dew MA, et al. Muscle mass predicts outcomes following liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2013;19(11):1172-1180.
38- Masuda T, Shirabe K, Ikegami T, et al. Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor in living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2014;20(4):401-407.
39- van Vugt JLA, Buettner S, Alferink LJM, et al. Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with increased hospital costs in patients with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation-a retrospective study. Transpl Int. 2018;31(2):165-174.
40- Sundaram V, Lim J, Tholey DM, et al. The Braden Scale, A standard tool for assessing pressure ulcer risk, predicts early outcomes after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2017;23(9):1153-1160.
41- Lai JC, Segev DL, McCulloch CE, Covinsky KE, Dodge JL, Feng S. Physical frailty after liver transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2018;18(8):1986-1994.
42- Wiesner R, Edwards E, Freeman R, et al. Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and allocation of donor livers. Gastroenterology. 2003;124(1):91-96.
43- Brown RS Jr, Lake JR. The survival impact of liver transplantation in the MELD era, and the future for organ allocation and distribution. Am J Transplant. 2005;5(2):203-204.
44- Habib S, Berk B, Chang CC, et al. MELD and prediction of post-liver transplantation survival. Liver Transpl. 2006;12(3):440-447.
45- Duarte-Rojo A, Ruiz-Margáin A, Montaño-Loza AJ, Macías-Rodríguez RU, Ferrando A, Kim WR. Exercise and physical activity for patients with end-stage liver disease: Improving functional status and sarcopenia while on the transplant waiting list. Liver Transpl. 2018;24(1):122-139.
46- Volk ML, Sonnenday C. Patient-centered liver transplantation. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2016 Jul 26;8(1):24-27.
47- Moya-Nájera D, Moya-Herraiz Á, Compte-Torrero L, et al. Combined resistance and endurance training at a moderate-to-high intensity improves physical condition and quality of life in liver transplant patients. Liver Transpl. 2017;23(10):1273-1281.
48- Morkane CM, Kearney O, Bruce DA, et al. An Outpatient Hospital-based Exercise Training Program for Patients With Cirrhotic Liver Disease Awaiting Transplantation: A Feasibility Trial. Transplantation. 2020;104(1):97-103.
49- Mizuno Y, Ito S, Hattori K, et al. Changes in Muscle Strength and Six-Minute Walk Distance Before and After Living Donor Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2016 Dec;48(10):3348-3355.
50- van den Berg-Emons R, van Ginneken B, Wijffels M, et al. Fatigue is a major problem after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2006 Jun;12(6):928-33.
Related articles

Editorial

Treatment of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis patients

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2023.9800/2023

Editorial

AKI-HRS, more than a name change for type-1 hepatorenal syndrome

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2023.9677/2023

Editorial

New actors come into play against hepatitis delta

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.9050/2022

Letter

Hemoperitoneum due to rupture of intra-abdominal varices

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8937/2022

Digestive Diseases Image

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in post liver transplantation

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8694/2022

Letter

Ertapenem neurotoxicity in liver transplantation

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2021.8469/2021

Letter

Cirrhotic pattern in advanced hepatic sarcoidosis

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2021.8446/2021

Digestive Diseases Image

Giant cystic hepatocarcinoma in the absence of cirrhosis

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2021.8313/2021

Digestive Diseases Image

Percutaneous treatment of a splenorenal shunt with an atrial septal closure device

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7701/2020

Letter

Management of hepatic artery aneurysms

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7219/2020

Digestive Diseases Image

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a rare cause of a liver tumor

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.7127/2020

Review

Risk stratification and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2018.5662/2018

Letter to the Editor

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease after liver transplantation

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2017.5387/2017

Letter to the Editor

Liver metastasis from colorectal cancer 12 years after liver transplantation

DOI: 10.17235/reed.2017.4507/2016

Citation tools
Puchades Renau L, Herreras López J, Cebrià i Iranzo M, Cezón Serrano N, Berenguer Haym M. Physical frailty in liver transplantation. 7448/2020


Download to a citation manager

Download the citation for this article by clicking on one of the following citation managers:

Metrics
This article has received 1393 visits.
This article has been downloaded 270 times.

Statistics from Dimensions


Statistics from Plum Analytics

Publication history

Received: 30/07/2020

Accepted: 11/11/2020

Online First: 29/12/2020

Published: 07/07/2021

Article revision time: 75 days

Article Online First time: 152 days

Article editing time: 342 days


Share
This article has been rated by 1 readers.
Reader rating:
Valora este artículo:




Asociación Española de Ecografía Digestiva Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva
The Spanish Journal of Gastroenterology is the official organ of the Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva, the Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva and the Asociación Española de Ecografía Digestiva
Cookie policy Privacy Policy Legal Notice © Copyright 2023 y Creative Commons. The Spanish Journal of Gastroenterology